{"id":21915,"date":"2022-08-08T12:31:03","date_gmt":"2022-08-08T12:31:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/noossocial.com\/?p=21915"},"modified":"2022-08-08T12:31:03","modified_gmt":"2022-08-08T12:31:03","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%84%d8%a7-%d8%b9%d8%ab%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/noossocial.com\/?p=21915","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062d\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/a>\u00a0–\u062d\u0644\u0628<\/a>\u00a0–\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642<\/a>\u00a0–\u0625\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/a>. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 -\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629.\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0: (\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 -\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0639\u064a -\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f -\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0634 -\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0634 -\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a ) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631 ) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/h4>\n

\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u00a0\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/a>\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645 (1897) \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/h4>\n

<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0645\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0642\u062f\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\n

\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1910\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u00a0\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0650\u00a0<\/span>\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u00a0<\/span>\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627:<\/big><\/u><\/p>\n

. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u062d \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0646 (1895).<\/p>\n

. \u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064a (1895).<\/p>\n

. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (1897).<\/p>\n

. \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 (1898).<\/p>\n

. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a (1890).<\/p>\n

. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a<\/a>\u00a0(1898)<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u064a (\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1854-1923) \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n

“\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0623\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645 \/ \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0645<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0629 \/ \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0645<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u062f\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n